2016年5月30日 星期一

基因複製動物可行嗎?


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Bringing Animals Back to Life
—James Baron


In the 1993 science fiction movie Jurassic Park, scientists brought dinosaurs back to life by using the DNA of animals that died long ago. Today, similar technology might be used to help revive extinct species.

One animal that scientists hope to bring back is the northern white rhino, which actually isn't extinct yet but soon will be. Only two female and one male of this species remain in the world, and all three are elderly and incapable of mating. Seeing the threat of extinction, scientists began collecting cell samples from this rhino species. They hope to put these cells into sperm from the last male and eggs from the remaining females to create embryos. In the future, these embryos might be put into female southern white rhinos, which could give birth to northern white rhinos, their close relatives.

There's no guarantee this process will work, as special instruments need to be developed for the female rhino's anatomy. Furthermore, for some, the problem isn't about whether it can be done, but whether it should be done.

基因複製動物可行嗎?
在一九九三年的科幻電影《侏羅紀公園》中,科學家利用早已死亡動物的脫氧核糖核酸(DNA)來使恐龍復活。今天,類似的科技可能被用來幫助絕種的物種復活。
科學家希望復育的一種動物是北非白犀牛,事實上尚未絕種,但即將要絕種。這個物種全世界只剩下兩隻雌性及一隻雄性犀牛,而這三隻全都年老而無法交配。眼看著物種滅絕的威脅在即,科學家開始收集這種犀牛的細胞樣本。他們希望將這些細胞放到最後一隻雄犀牛的精子以及僅存雌犀牛的卵子中來製作胚胎。在未來,這些胚胎可能被放進雌性的南非白犀牛體內,牠們可能生下近親北非白犀牛。
沒有人能保證這個過程會奏效,因為需要研發特殊的儀器來了解雌犀牛的身體構造。此外,對有些人來說,問題不在於是否能成功,而在於是否應該這麼做。

 
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Useful Exchanges 園遊會實用對答
A: The school fair is right around the corner. Are you excited?
學校園遊會快到了。你有很興奮嗎?
B: You bet. I'm looking forward to all the food and games.
沒錯。所有食物和遊戲我都很期待。

A: What's the highlight of this year's school fair?
今年學校園遊會最精彩的是什麼?
B: I heard there will be a pie-eating contest.
我聽說會有吃派比賽。

A: I hope it doesn't rain next Saturday.
我希望下星期六不會下雨。
B: Don't worry. There will be tents to keep everyone dry if it does.
別擔心,如果下雨,會有帳篷讓大家不會淋濕。

A: Let's divide the tasks so that we can get everything done in time.
我們來分配任務吧,這樣我們就能即時完成所有的事情。
B: All right. I'll be in charge of baking the cookies. Who wants to make the sign?
好。我會負責烤餅乾。誰想要製作招牌?


 
 
2016/05/30(一) There's no guarantee this process will work, as special instruments need to be developed for the female rhino's anatomy.
沒有人能保證這個過程會奏效,因為需要研發特殊的儀器來了解雌犀牛的身體構造。

2016/05/31(二) Whether scientific technology can and should be used to recreate life will remain a central question in the near future.
科學技術是否可以而且應該被用來再造生命在不久的未來仍會是一個重要的問題。

 
 
 
 
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